Marketing Strategy for the Mars Ice Cream Bar Essay -- Business Manage

Marketing Strategy for the Mars Ice Cream BarMy Aims for this ReportIn this report I forget be focusing my attention on Mars Ice Cream Bar.I result investigate how they promote their product. I will do this byinvestigating how they advertise their product, and where, as well as brassing at how they package their product and at the same time I willlook at where they sell the Mars ice cream bar. Also I will beinvestigating their main rivals and compare their grocerying mixs.This will give me a better chance of giving good suggestions on howthey could improve their ice cream product to bring in a biggerrevenue and get away from their main rivals so they could dominate theice cream bar market.Background to MarsMars claims to be the world leader in every market that it is in. Thisin includes branded snack foods, petcare products, main meal foods andvending machines. Mars has an annual turnover in excess ofUS $13 billion. Our products are consumed in over 100 countries aroundthe world . In Europe alone 20 billion is spent every year on Marsconfectioneries, 4 billion of this is from Britain. Of that 4billion, around 70% of it is on java goods. They are consideredthe worlds best managed companies.They easily dominate the chocolate bar market as they own the likes ofSnickers Mars Maltesers M&Ms and Twix. But do they dominatethe ice cream bar market? Mars ice cream bar.The Mars ice cream bar was first brought o...

Robert Siricos Samaritans Dilemma :: essays research papers

In the essay Samaritans Dilemma, Robert Sirico claims that bounty is non always helpful to society. He implies that some people take advantage of others kindness, in this case, dope kitchens.To support his claim, Sirico told a story of when he was training to be a priest. He states that each Friday he would help set up and litigate a free meal to those in need, usually 200 to 500 people. One Friday after the meal, he and a friend cleaned up then went to a seafood saloon just down the street. While eating the two men realized that the soup kitchen they had just finished working at was competition to the seafood pothouse and other surrounding restaurants. They realized that their charity was making it harder for other entrepreneurs to make a living and provide for their families.Sirico basically states that when people are waited on hired man and foot they become to a greater extent dependant on others, therefore, making it even harder for them to get out of poverty. He also im plies that giving handouts to people encourages laziness. He says, When charity creates a disincentive for an able-bodied person to work, it leads this person down the wrong path. It encourages indolence. Real work provides the individual with the vehicle for a productive and virtuous life. It gives a person self esteem and a role to play in society.The support he uses does not help his case, though. For example, the comparison Sirico makes of the soup kitchen to a seafood pub is irrelevant. He states, "Just a block away we provide a product and a service that make this mans effort to provide for his own family more difficult. A soup kitchen and a seafood pub are not comparable. The pub has the intention to make money, whereas a soup kitchen is not interested in money. soup kitchens are there for the purpose of people who cannot afford to eat at other places. The speaker never states the prices or quality of food at the pub. This info would help the reader recognize the similar ities and differences between the two. Sirico fails to mention the other restaurants that are also the pub owners competition. Surrounding restaurants may be taking business from the pub, not the soup kitchen. In addition, Sirico uses insufficient personal experience to suggest that people are taking advantage of charity. After observing people coming to the soup kitchen, Sirico noticed a couple that "told me they needed to eat quickly because they were planning to go shopping after dinner.

Philip Morris Marketing Analysis :: essays research papers

Philip Morris Marketing Analysis Definition of Industry Market Concept The tobacco plant plant industry consists of many competitors trying to satisfy a specific customer ask. Companies such as Philip Morris, RJ Reynolds, Brown and Williamson, and Lorillard hold almost the entire market tract in the tobacco industry. While each company has different advertising and marketing techniques, they all target the same customer group. Tobacco companies try their vanquish to generate interest in their particular brand or brands. Companies market a number of attributes that usually include, but are not limited to taste, flavor, strength, size of it and image in order to distinguish themselves from competitors (Business Week 179, November 29, 1999). However, all tobacco companies are satisfying the same needs. Many long-time batchrs are addicted to the nicotine in cigarettes. They smoke because the nicotine is needed to help them feel normal (Focus group). Many addicts go through withdra w without nicotine. All tobacco companies have nicotine in their cigarettes, which fulfills the need of long-time smokers. Other smokers await on cigarettes in social settings. Many smoke to look sophisticated and mature. Tobacco companies make many pleasings of cigarettes that target different groups. Social smokers may compass certain brands as more sophisticated, and therefore they shy away from other lesser-known brands. For example, a person who smoked generic cigarettes at the bar may be perceived as uncultured. On the other hand, the smoker with the Marlboro Lights may be more socially accepted because they have a brand name crop (Focus group). Many types of cigarettes cater to the many markets of smokers who want to portray a certain image in social settings. Tobacco companies do not create the need to smoke, but try to generate interest in their particular brand (Hays, New York Times, November 24, 1999). Overall, the tobacco companies satisfy consumer demand for the mil lions of adult Americans who choose to use tobacco by providing differentiated products to different target markets of smokers.Industry Concept The tobacco industry has developed a rather large array of products. Companies such as Philip Morris, Lorillard, RJ Reynolds, and Brown and Williamson, as well as the other smaller competitors, all provide the same product- cigarettes. The tobacco industry is filled with fierce competitors. But underneath the brand names and images, the product is relatively the same. All tobacco companies produce an inhalant that is made with tobacco, tar, and nicotine. These materials are rolled in a special kind of slow-burning paper for longer smoking time.

Comparison Of Marcus Garvey And David Duke Essay example -- essays res

Racial issues have always been debated and followed by many mass throughout the account statement of America and will continue to be for a long time. Along with these debates come movements and with movements come attractions. Two well-kn avow leaders of racially driven movements argon Marcus Garvey and David Duke. Garvey was a black man looking to forward his fellow black man&8217s financial state and living conditions, and he became a leader for his movement. Duke is a white man who feels that with all of the racial diversity in this country the white race is being mistreated and destroyed, and became a leader for a more extreme group of believers. These two extraordinary men can be compared and contrasted with respect to their groups, ingests, and faults.First, both of these men were known for their participation in racial invade groups. Marcus Garvey founded the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). The objectives of the UNIA were to promote racial pride, create coll eges and universiteies for blacks, and establish world-wide commercial ventures. (Rogoff 67). Garvey founded the UNIA because during his frequent ravels he observed that black people were being mistreated, especially when it came to work. He observed the inferior status of black workers around the world. In an attempt to help relieve the plight of these workers he founded the UNIA. The UNIA was, in fact, the first, dominant black interest group, even before the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). In fairish a few historic period after it was founded in 1914, the UNIA had four million fragments in 1920 and six million in 1923. David Duke&8217s famous interest group was the infamous Ku Klux Klan. Duke became a member of the KKK when he was only a teenager. He quickly became the Imperial Wizard of the Klan, the highest ranking official. What Duke brought to the Klan was a new, charming, intellectual personality. He wanted to change the stereotypical v iew of a rowdy, unintelligent redneck Klansman. Under his leadership many new people joined the Klan thinking that it was now respectable with Duke at the Helm. While he is not still with the Klan now, he left an impression in that group that will never be forgotten. Both Garvey&8217s and Duke&8217s affiliation with interest groups helped draw attention to not only the group but also t... ...itical experts thought he would be. The downfall for Duke&8217s political success was his notorious past. He had been associated with many ill-famed groups such as the Nazi Party and the Ku Klux Klan as a young man. In an event that would haunt his political career forever, he marched around in his Nazi uniform at LSU in a student protest. While now he regrets doing that and blaming it on his immaturity and youth, he will never live it down. His opponents use his Klan affiliation and Nazi Party affiliation against him in every election. Like Garvey, he had a fault that unplowed him from achievi ng his goal.Marcus Garvey and David Duke were both very extraordinary people with unique ideas and contributions. While being totally different people and races they held many of the same viewpoints. Each man had his own way of expressing his ideas and each was well known for his stand. Each man envisioned a better world for both races. They saw peace and tranquillity indoors mankind, but each man had a different view of how it would get that way. These men&8217s goals, when looked at objectively are not all bad. They just wanted what they felt was best.

Essay --

Acting is not that far from mental disease An operator works on splitting his character into others. It is like a kind of schizophrenia. Vittorio GossmanSchizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that changes the consistency of a individuals personality in arrears to emotional weakness and detachment from reality. Schizophrenia can be connected with the disorders of anxiety and depression. Those who have this disorder go done variations of abnormal activities. Schizophrenia is a disorder that damages the brain. People with schizophrenia sometimes attend voices that others may not hear. They are truly convinced that they hear these voices as well. Schizophrenias may also think that other mess have control over them when it comes to knowing what thoughts run through the mind and they believe that those people will bring harm to their lives (NIMH-Schizophrenia).When essay to establish a conversation with schizophrenics it can be rather awkward at times. They sometimes cant put their words together to have a conversation that makes sense. They wont come off as talkative people. Schizophrenics can sit for a long period of time without making any movements or even saying a word. Along with upholding a conversation, they also may have difficulties trying to live a normal life. Maintaining a job, a marriage, a romantic relationship, taking care of themselves, eventually becomes hard and the help of others will be compulsory (NIMH-Schizophrenia).Schizophrenia is not a disorder that can be cured. Although there are treatments out there that will slowly alleviate some of the symptoms. nearly of these symptoms are hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders, movement disorders, and inability to speak for long, lack of trying to enjoy their da... ...elusional. Due to that, Alicia brought Nash to a psychiatric hospital. At the psychiatric hospital, Nash was diagnosed with depression and paranoiac schizophrenia (Howard, A Beautiful Mind). With schizophrenia, it is har d to maintain your daily life especially when it comes to relationships, hence why Nash and his wife Alicia had a split up but they came back together years later. However the relationship was an unemotional one. (Howard, A Beautiful Mind). From what I can see, the lack of stability in Nashs relationship and the non-emotional partnership between the two shows how much his disorder has affected him and the marriage. For someone to not be able to create a new relationship after the divorce clearly shows that the status of the disorder has not changed. There is still a lack of emotional ability in Nash that disables him from having a normal relationship.

Essay --

Acting is not that far from mental disease An actor works on ripping his character into others. It is like a kind of schizophrenia. Vittorio GossmanSchizophrenia is a psychiatric overturn that changes the consistency of a persons personality in arrears to emotional weakness and detachment from reality. Schizophrenia can be connected with the disorders of anxiety and depression. Those who have this disorder go through variations of ab traffic pattern activities. Schizophrenia is a disorder that damages the brain. People with schizophrenia some clocks hear voices that others may not hear. They are truly convinced that they hear these voices as well. Schizophrenias may overly think that other people have control over them when it comes to knowing what thoughts run through the mind and they believe that those people will bring wound to their lives (NIMH-Schizophrenia).When trying to establish a conversation with schizophrenics it can be rather awkward at times. They sometimes cant put their words together to have a conversation that makes sense. They wont come off as talkative people. Schizophrenics can sit for a long period of time without making any movements or even saying a word. Along with upholding a conversation, they also may have difficulties trying to live a normal life. Maintaining a job, a marriage, a romantic relationship, taking care of themselves, eventually becomes hard and the help of others will be needed (NIMH-Schizophrenia).Schizophrenia is not a disorder that can be cured. Although there are treatments out there that will slowly alleviate some of the symptoms. Some of these symptoms are hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders, movement disorders, and inability to speak for long, lack of trying to enjoy their da... ...elusional. Due to that, Alicia brought Nash to a psychiatric hospital. At the psychiatric hospital, Nash was diagnosed with depression and paranoid schizophrenia (Howard, A beautiful Mind). With schizophrenia, it is hard to maintain your daily life especially when it comes to relationships, hence why Nash and his wife Alicia had a divorce but they came back together years later. as yet the relationship was an unemotional one. (Howard, A Beautiful Mind). From what I can see, the lack of stability in Nashs relationship and the non-emotional connection between the two shows how such(prenominal) his disorder has affected him and the marriage. For someone to not be able to create a new relationship after the divorce clearly shows that the status of the disorder has not changed. There is still a lack of emotional ability in Nash that disables him from having a normal relationship.

Effective Communication Effective Techniques

Communication Is endlessly Important no matter what type of arrangement or environment it may be. Feed back and the teams approach piece of ass determine how effective and ineffective the organization is. When the team approach technique is utilise communication is better, there is less barriers between each department, and the speed/quality of figure out usually is improved (Lombardi & Shoehorning, 2007). Feedback is always good because it allows an employee to realize information about(predicate) what he or she is doing right or wrong so that they can take the time to improve.In he health give c be field workers are always completing self-assessments, this makes the team approach technique especially good for them because they are able to Improve and then they can get with other health care workers and discuss their Ideas about what Is Important for the organization. Sharing each others Ideas and providing Important Information Is one of the most effective techniques used t o run an organization successfully. There are many advantages and disadvantages with a team approach.There are some people that like to work as a team, yet there are others that would rather work alone. One advantage would be getting more than one opinion about what is best for the organization. One disadvantage is competition, some people may motive to try and be better than the next person instead of trying to work as a team. Working as a team can sometimes make people very frustrated because they have to rely on others. (Krebs, 2009) Ineffective techniques There are ineffective techniques as well.When working as a team there may be problems that arise, Like feedback from others may not always be taken positively which can cause Issues In the work environment (Krebs, 2009). There are also times when someone may not finish their duties leaving It for someone else to do It for them. It can be hard for some to come to the same agreement and this creates problems In the work environ ment. Many of the people that I worked with did not want to work as a team they cherished to do everything on their own.We had to show the managers that we were working as a team, but when they were not looking over our shoulder many of the employees did what they wanted to. This makes things very frustrating, there are so many times when someone does not take work as serious as he next person and this creates more of a work load for those that do take their Jobs serious. Ways these techniques are applied It is very important in a health care work environment that these techniques are applied.There are so many duties that health care workers have to do, if they take the team approach than the Job can get done without any hassles. Healthcare Jobs can get very stressful at times it Is always good to have more than one leave doing the Jobs. Communication Is essential because a lot of mistakes can occur with paper work or any miscommunication. These techniques can be applied by evolu tion a am memoir expertise Ana learning now to communicate as a team (Salesman, Idea, Farmer, Vetch, Rosen, & Kid, 2007).

Multicultural and ethnic sensitivity

Paper should discuss multicultural and ethnic sensitive an individual top executive encounter or face in working in Human Service Agencies. Nowadays people are inseparable from the economic, genial, political and historical stage setting. It is precise historic to entrap the impact of this on the individuals conduct. The word multicultural can be defined as interplay between the individuals that represent different minor racial and ethnic groups. We should understand the factors that call forth the attitude to the people from different groups. At this there is a tendency to overstate the differences between groups and conformity interior a particular group as well as the trend to support iodine group more than the other and can be make thoughtlessly. (G.Ramsey, R.Williams & Vold, 2002)People within one group show more value and trust, better cooperation contrary to competition. When affiliation is strong they show a lot of prejudice.If one group is more powerful than the oth er one or if resources are non distributed justly it may cause problematic issues. This is what is going on in the United States. (G.Ramsey, R.Williams & Vold, 2002)Such prejudice and viewpoints may cause miscommunication as behavior that corresponds to norm in one group may not be realize or valued by another group. For instance, when one addresses clients by their first name can be admissible for the ones, but can be all in all unacceptable by the other minor racial or ethnic group representatives that are used to more proper traffic. (G.Ramsey, R.Williams & Vold, 2002)It is said that we could see improvements of the relations within group if affiliation is amended. This can be attained if those who would like to make relationships inside the group better use a color-blind advent while interacting with individuals from other minor groups and differ from them.This may decrease racial or ethnic differences and an accent is made on the global or homosexual slants of behavior. (G .Ramsey, R.Williams & Vold, 2002)In essence the rightful relations between groups can not be achieved only by color-blind shape up. From all evidence this kind of approach is not as accurate as multicultural one.But even if we realize every point of individuals ethnic and racial context this is not enough to get efficacy unless we treat people with the global view. Such a global view is useful to touch on relations between the different groups. (Grant & Lei, 2001)One could treat the client or any other individual in a various ways and this could cause the problems in communication process or could even result in a hasty break of relationship. (Grant & Lei, 2001)The existing works on characterization in the hostelry consider the interaction between the groups within a cultural context and emboldens the comprehension of different factors that have an impact on how we perceive others. (Grant & Lei, 2001)It is very important for everybody to have multicultural alertness and knowledge along with skills. (Grant & Lei, 2001)It is said that in order to reduce the attitude full with stereotypes one should have knowledge of the attitudes and values,The query on reducing stereotypic attitudes and biases suggest a number of Strategies awareness of those attitudes and values, make reasonable efforts for changing the auspicious attitude within group that is shown mechanically and reduce the negative perceive of people that represent another ethnic and racial groups. (Grant & Lei, 2001)It is necessary to treat individual as individual and do not divide people into groups.Numerous researches were made in order to help people to decrease prejudice of the members of other groups as if we will be determination to those groups and establish contact with their members this will definitely result in a better multicultural interaction and will break the stereotypes. (Shepard, 1994)It is of vital importance to comprehend better and value the outlook of the other groups members a nd understand the prospects they have even if they are racially or ethnically different.When you understand the outlook that the client has, including the emotion that he might have being a member of disgraced group, it will help you to realize the prospects he or she might have and in the end the behavior of your client. (Shepard, 1994)Depending on the outlook and life experience customers may behave in a different ways. They might seek for support in social networks, treatment and persistency in treatment.If you get the sufficient knowledge and will realize the cultural context of the clients you can address this problem. (Walsh, 1996)More over it is recommended to take on the process of historical development and study the history of the United States with the object to its difference form another major social groups history. We had many examples in the recent history like American Indian holocaust, concentration camps in Asia, Latino groups colonization and all this had an i mpact on the history development and outlook of the individuals. (Shepard, 1994) some(prenominal) relations between individuals can be considered to be multicultural.One should also gain knowledge on the federal legislation in order to improver susceptibility and to understand the things deeper. In the United States there are major demographic shifts. There are a great number of immigrants from different countries such(prenominal) as China, Mexico, India, the Philippines, Latin America. These people speak their native languages at home while they speak English in their social life. One should be aware of the social environment and how the clients will find it, for instance to offer phone line serve in a couple of languages, to offer press in different languages in the waiting rooms and use another methods to show linguistic and cultural susceptibility. (Shepard, 1994)Anyway everyone should show cultural competence while delivering services to the clients.References G.Ramsey, P., R .Williams, L., & Vold, E. B. (2002). Multicultural Education A Sourcebook. New York RoutledgeFalmer. Retrieved May 21, 2007,Grant, C. A. & Lei, J. L. (Eds.). (2001). Global Constructions of Multicultural Education Theories and Realities. Mahwah, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Shepard, K. B. (1994, February). ACA, PERF Develop Training on Multicultural Awareness. Corrections Today, 56, 94+. Retrieved May 21, 2007,Walsh, C. E. (Ed.). (1996). Education Reform and Social Change Multicultural Voices, Struggles, and Visions. Mahwah, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Retrieved May 21, 2007,

Explore and evaluate Shakespeare’s use of the supernatural in Macbeth Essay

Explore and evaluate Shakespe ars design of the charming in Macbeth, documentation your answer with a detailed discussion of two scenes of your choice.In the play Macbeth, the super congenital is a major theme, and is important on a f whole of levels number 1ly, it held numerous attractions for its original reading, both popular and specific secondly, the supernatural is an intriguing dramatic device, used to drive the play along and to keep it exciting finally, the supernatural too has a great thematic signifi crumbce to the play. This essay will look at each of these points in turn, and supplement them with a detailed analysis of just now how Shakespe are uses the supernatural in relation to two scenes Act One characterisation One, and Act Five film One.It is important, however, to begin with a definition of the supernatural and what it encompasses.The supernatural is defined as forces, occurrences, and beings that can non be explained by science. When masses think of the supernatural they automatically think of grim and mysterious beings much(prenominal) as ghosts and witches, notwithstanding phenomena such as hallucinations, prophecies, vision and apparitions can similarly be grouped under the supernatural. The supernatural comes from the two explicates super and personality. In this case the word super means beyond, so the supernatural can encompass all things beyond nature, or perversions of nature, such as unusual die hard and weather and sleep disorders. Finally, the supernatural can also mean disrupting the natural order, such as regicide.When Shakespeare wrote Macbeth, he wrote it for a specific as well as a general audience The specific audience was pile I, and the general audience were the theatregoers of Elizabethan and Jacobean England.It was very important that when Shakespeare wrote Macbeth, he wrote in a counseling that would appeal to crowd I. mob I had been the Patron of Shakespeares band of actors, The Kings Men, si nce 1603, and it is thought that Macbeth was first performed in August 1606 to celebrate the cut down of pile brother-in-law, King Christian of Denmark, so James I would pick out been the Patron of The Kings Men for three years. It was important that the Patron enjoyed the plays because he or she was one of the main sources of money for the actors.In Macbeth, witches were the main supernatural phenomenon in the play, and for the audience of the time, witches were believed to be very real, and a subject of great conversation, not only with the regular working-class, but also with the great thinkers of that time. This notion was also memorably and hilariously in the famous debate scene from Monty Python and the Holy Grail. well-nigh importantly, though, the use of witchcraft in Macbeth would sustain appealed greatly to King James I.James I always had a fascination with witches. In 1950, while he was still King of Scotland, he had over 300 witches tortured in order to extract conf essions that they were conspiring against him. King James took an active part in these trials, accept that, since the Kings was believed to be Gods representative on Earth, he would obviously be the main target of these agents of the devil. Also, James himself wrote and published a give-and-take about witchcraft around 1597, the Demonology, in which he detailed their supposed powers of predicting the future, affecting the weather, defying all laws of physics and taking demonic possession of innocent people.In 1592, King James had a meeting with a lady called Agnes Simpson, soulfulness who for a long time had been suspected of being a practising witch. James met with her to beam her about her witchcraft, but was highly disturbed when Simpson began quoting the exact same words Jamess married woman said to him on their wedding night. This made James far more engrossed with witchcraft, and made him even more determined to rid the world of these agents of the devil.Finally, in 1604, new laws were enacted by James I stating that practising witches would be punished by execution.Shakespeare not only used the witches to grab the attention of James I he also used them as a way to flatter James, his friends and his relatives. The witches are used to prophesise the succession of Banquos progeny as King, and help to build Banquo favourably In the original story of Macbeth, nominate in Holinsheds Chronicles of Scotland, Banquo is complicit to Duncans murder, but Shakespeare changes this to show that Banquo is a honest, pure-of-heart person, which will please James I as Banquo is a old ancestor of his. He also shows Banquo to be a wise person in Act One Scene Three, where Banquo and Macbeth meet the witches for the first time. Macbeths reaction is one of desire, and is appeal by what the witches say, whereas Banquo has a far more cautious response, and is aware that the witches could well be up to no good.I, iii 123 126And oftentimes to win us to our harm,The inst ruments of shabbiness tell us truths,Win us with honest trifles, to betraysIn deepest consequence.-This will please James I, to complete that his relatives were also aware of witches evil. James I is also mentioned in Macbeth, when Macbeth has a vision of eight Kings, on with two-fold balls and treble sceptres. These were James regalia, and symbolised Jamess power over Macbeth. James I is also tryn to have power of Macbeth when Banquos ghost is seen seance in Macbeths chair.This use of the supernatural suggests that Banquos ancestors will one sidereal day take over the throne from Macbeth. Macbeths fear of Banquos ghost also suggests again that Banquo is superior to Macbeth. Finally, Shakespeare uses the supernatural to inte slackening James I when Macbeth seems nerveless in the face of dame Macbeths illness. Malcolm and Macduff talk about how the true king has the power to cure the Kings Evil, as disease called scrofula. James I was believed to have this power and it would h ave pleased James to know that Shakespeare has shown him to be more powerful than Macbeth.Shakespeare also realised how important it is for plays to appeal to their general audience, and uses a number of different methods to carry this out.The regular people of Elizabethan and Jacobean England also had a fascination with witches, and every town in England would have suspected witches, so it was a common subject of conversation. From these conversations sprouted rumours about the ways and lifestyles of witches, and Shakespeare put hints of these stories into Macbeth. In Act 1 Scene 3, Witch 2 says she has been Killing swine, whilst witch 1 says that in a sieve Ill hither sail. The people of that time did actually believe that witches killed pigs and sailed over the naval in a sieve, and hearing these things in a play would have illume up their enthusiastic fascination and would have grabbed their attention.In Macbeth the witches are not only used to fascinate the audience but also to amuse them. The audience would have enjoyed the reference to the witches beards in Act 1 Scene 3, as the witches would have been played by men, and the self-aware joking from the actors would have gone down well with the whole audience.Shakespeare also uses recent events to attract the audience. Macbeth becomes very refer about the fact that he has no heir to his throne, and the audience will be able to relate this to their recent experience of Queen Elizabeth, who died with no natural heir.The supernatural also minimal brain dysfunctions to Macbeth on a dramatic level, and is used to create suspense, embellish themes of the play and to accentuate the characters personalities, amongst other things.As previously mentioned, the supernatural encompasses hallucinations, and Macbeths hallucination of a dagger is a great dramatic device to give the audience the copious, haunting extent of Macbeths inner turmoil. In some performances of Macbeth, the dagger actually appears hovering o nstage, and whilst that maybe an interesting use of special effects, I think it is far more effective when the dagger is invisible, as we can see that he is in fact seeing things, and that what is passing on is just in his mind. Similarly, when Macbeth sees Banquos ghost sitting in his chair, having no one sitting in the chair shows how disturbed Macbeth is.Also, this would the audience in the same position as his friends at the table, perplexed and worried about what is happening. On the other hand, if someone was to play Banquos ghost, it would allow for the actor to make use of the stage trapdoor, which would have gone down very well with the audience. some other use of Banquos ghost is to mark a turning point in the play before the ghosts arrival, Macbeth is authoritative and respected, but his reaction to the ghost shows him in a completely different light, nervous and vulnerable, and this would change his friends opinions. This signifies a big change in the play, and from th is point onward things become progressively words for Macbeth.Another example of how the supernatural is used as a dramatic device is when Macbeth and Banquo first meet with the witches. The audience know that Macbeth is to be soon hailed Thane of Cawdor, but Macbeth is unaware. This use of dramatic irony gives the audience a sense of superiority, and draws them into the play.Finally, in Act 2 and Scene 4 Ross and the doddery Man are commenting on how the events of Macbeths regicide have affected the wider world. Here they act almost like a Greek chorus, providing a running commentary on events. The events they describe, such as Duncans horses eating each other and a Falcon being eaten by a Mousing Owl efficaciously tell the audience that Macbeths actions have far-reaching consequences.Macbeth is a tragedy, and Shakespeare uses the supernatural to reinforce this. Macbeth is tragic because at the beginning of the play Macbeth is a brave, honourable man, but by the end he is a weak, self centred man, who is stretch forth killed through fault of his own. This fits Aristotles notion of what a tragedy is. In his Poetics he says that a good tragedy has to be about the downfall of a man from a position of greatness to one of lowliness and death. However, Aristotle then goes on to say that it is only a true tragedy if the downfall was brought about by an aspect of the mans personality, what Aristotle called his fatal flaw. Macbeths fatal flaw is his ambition, and the supernatural is used to back this up in a number of waysThe witches in Macbeth are used to show how Macbeths ambition takes over everything in his life, and is responsible for Macbeths killing of Duncan. In Act 1 Scene 3, the witches dont say anything about killing Duncan, but Macbeth is so captivated by the fact that he has been told he could be King, his ambition takes over and he would do anything to get to the crown. Shakespeare also uses Banquos reaction to the witches prophecies to bring out Mac beths burning ambition further still. Banquo hears the same things from the witches, but responds in a far more level-headed way, which shows how great an effect Macbeths ambition has on his thoughts.Ambition is one of the main themes in Macbeth, but by chance the most important theme is that of Kingship, and the lengths Macbeth will go to to become King, which includes Regicide. In Shakespearean times people were far more aware of The Divine justifiedly of Kings, and at that placefore killing a King was the next crime down from killing God. An assault on the King is an assault on God, and it was shown by Ross and the Old Man in Act 2 Scene 4 that the killing of Duncan had supernatural consequences. These consequences are an example of how nature is disordered and unnatural, and the supernatural also conveys this in a number of waysIn the opening scene, the witches talk about paradoxes such as fair is foul and foul is fair, and they say Banquo is lesser that Macbeth, and greater. This is Shakespeares way of showing that things in the play are the opposite of what they seem, and that there are many double meanings to what the witches say. Even the appearance of the witches show that things are reversed and upside down, as displayed by the witches beards.Also, Shakespeare uses the interruption of natural rhythms such as sleep to show how the natural order has been interrupted. dame Macbeths somnambulance is a clear example of how disturbed she is over the death of Duncan, and because Lady Macbeth is always putting a front on in public laced with smiles, noctambulation is a highly effective way of bringing out her inner turmoil.Finally, Shakespeare uses pathetic fallacy to show what effect Macbeths actions have on the rest of the world. The stormy weather and earthquakes described once again by Ross and Old Man demonstrate that there not just a few people suffering from Macbeths actions, it encompasses a whole nation.This essay has shown how Shakespeare uses the supernatural in a dramatic, thematic and audience-specific ways, but in order to see just how effectively he integrates into the text, it is important to look at two scenes where it is most memorably used. This essay will be looking at Act 1 Scene 1 and Act 5 Scene 1.ACT 1 SCENE 1The opening scene is an excellent platform to see the supernatural in its most common manifestation in Macbeth the three witches. The first scene introduces the audience to the witches, and Shakespeare uses the witches to set the scene for the rest of the play.Before the witches even speak, we know this is going to be a dark, intense play from the stage directions. Firstly, thunder and lightning is Shakespeares way of using pathetic fallacy to tell us what sort of musical mode the play has. Thunder and lightning creates a very tense mood, as you never know when the lightning will strike. It will also create a dark sky, devising it every scarier. Thunder and lightning also symbolises that everything i s not in order, and things arent running smoothly.The second part of the stage directions simply says Enter THREE WITCHES. I have already said how fascinated people were with witches in Shakespearean times, and seeing on stage as soon as the play begins would have lit their enthusiasm and grabbed their attention instantaneously.Witches are of course encompassed by the supernatural. These agents of the devil are there to show that the natural order of things and the natural order of God has been disrupted, and all is not well.When the Witches begin talking, it becomes apparent that they want to meet with Macbeth, and that things in the play arent all well. When they say when the battles scattered and won, these oxymoronic statements show that everything is upside down, and that one thing can quite easily mean the other. It emerges that they will meet again with Macbeth upon the heath before the set of the sun, meaning today. They also talk about their demons, Paddock and Greymalkin, a toad and a cat. People at the time believed witches kept pets to spy on people so they could posses them. James I wrote about it in his book.The language that witches use and the way they talk is quite unusual, and shows why the three have been branded The Wyrd Sisters. When the witches are talking, they never talk in iambic pentameter, the usual pattern of Shakespeares writing. The iambic pentameter symbolises a natural rhythm, and the disruption of this rhythm demonstrates the natural order of things has been disrupted. This is very similar to Lady Macbeths sleepwalking in Act 5 Scene 1. Also, the witches phrases seem to carry on from one other.An example of this is when Witch 2 says When the battles lost and won, and Witch 3 immediately replies That will be the ere the set of sun. This sort of language could mean that they are all part of one body, and controlled by one greater power, namely the Devil. It also could be seen to show that the witches are using telepathic powers to communicate with one another. The people of Shakespearean times were menage believers that witches could communicate with each other through the power of their minds, and James I also wrote about it in his book The Demonology.The penultimate line in this scene, delightful is foul, and foul is fair once again shows how one thing can mean the other, and that the witches are turning over Gods natural order.The first scene in this play isnt very long at all, but in it Shakespeare manages to tell us an awful lot about the nature of the play, and sets the scene well for the rest of the play.This haunting scene shows the final degeneration of Lady Macbeth, in which the supernatural plays an important part in conveying the full extent of Lady Macbeths troubles.Prior to this scene, Lady Macbeth has never let her cover slip. She has remained thinnocent flower in public, and only alone or with Macbeth has she been the serpent undert. This is the first point where she subconsciously lets h er facade slip. Only when she says she would have murdered Duncan had he not resembles / her father as he slept does the audience see she has the tiny piece of humanity, and the audience also sees a glimpse of her guilt when she says that Naughts had, alls spent, / Where our desire is got without consent. aside from these two comments, Lady Macbeth has appeared strong and not let her front slip, so it is a great shock to see her so vulnerable and weak in such a verbal and visual way.The stage directions of this scene are Enter a DOCTOR OF PHYSIC and a WAITING-GENTLEWOMAN.The fact that there is a make is a concern to the audience, because a doctor is only ever present when someone is ill (nature being disordered), or there is a motif to stave off death. Also, a waiting-gentlewoman suggests that Lady Macbeth that has to depend on someone else, which is a huge contrast to her ever-independent personality, especially since the waiting-gentlewoman is of a lower status to herself. So ju st by the stage directions, we know that Lady Macbeth is in need of help.We are also aware of that Lady Macbeth is troubled from the conversation between the dilute and waiting-gentlewoman. For a start, it turns out that that the pair have been watching Lady Macbeth for two nights now. The fact that Lady Macbeth has let people watch her without her realising shows how vulnerable she is because she doesnt know what information she is giving to the audience. The gentlewoman then goes on to tell the Doctor (and the audience) a list of what Lady Macbeth has done Since his majesty went into the field. The fact that she automatically throws her night-gown upon her suggests that she is subconsciously ashamed of herself and has a desire to conceal her true self. This is a very effective insight to Lady Macbeths inner thoughts, although this is lost in the Polanski version of Macbeth, where she appears naked.This essay has already discussed how Macbeth is full of oxymorons and contradiction s, and this scene is no exception. When the waiting-gentlewoman talks about how Lady Macbeth has managed to complete all these actions that usually occur when people are awake (she manages to unlock he closet, take forth paper etc.), it is highly strange for anyone to do them in a most fast sleep. This is another way of Shakespeare showing that nature has been disrupted.The Doctor explains it well that there has to be A great perturbation in nature, to receive at once the service of sleep, and do the effects of watching He then follows this with the oxymoronic slumbery fervor, another sign of a natural rhythm being overturned. Lady Macbeths actions are also full of contradictions, as noted by the comments her eyes are open but their senses are still shut and also she has talk what she should not, displaying once again the fact that she has no control over what people hear her say. Finally, the fact that the servant wont tell the Doctor what she has seen her do previously heighte ns the suspense.When Lady Macbeth finally arrives onstage, the stage directions say with a taper. The taper could resemble her isolation, a small candle in a dark room, or it could emphasise her desire for light, in contrast too her dark desires. It would also give extra meaning to Macbeths famous out, out apprise candle speech, which he gave just after the news of his wifes death.Sleepwalking is unnatural, as a natural bodily cycle is being interrupted. The audience may have seen this as supernatural possession, possibly by the witches, which would have made the scene even more intense.When Lady Macbeth is in her slumbery agitation it seems as if she is in another world. The fact that she is being commented on by the Doctor and waiting-woman emphasises her isolation from the rest of the world. Also, the fact that the audience can see hear Lady Macbeth without her knowing will give them a feeling of superiority over her, and make her feel less powerful.When Lady Macbeth comes onsta ge the audience is worn to how she rubs her hands. The audience are told that she has been known to do this for a quarter of an hour makes clear the extent of her deterioration.When Lady Macbeth first speaks, she talks of the imaginary, supernatural spot of line of business on her hand. This mirrors Macbeths hallucination of the air-drawn dagger. Lady Macbeth is experiencing what Macbeth has already encountered, but she has suppressed all humanity and compassion in her to such an extent that it has to come a way out, and the only way is when she is unconscious. When Macbeth sees the dagger he appears to have gone mad to the audience, but his cathartic projection of his fears is far healthier.In this scene, Lady Macbeths language has changed dramatically. Her first speech is only four syllables long, but it is in prose, as opposed to the formal iambic pentameter verse. Her speech is disjointed, which represents her isolation from the world. Also, there is so little rhythm to it, al though it could be argued that the phrase takes a spondaic form, which would suggest a very disordered state and lack of control. Also, her speech is purposefully bland, reserved for those of a lower status, and most certainly not royalty like herself. This is very similar to Macbeths linguistic degeneration, when he addresses the Murderers in prose.Lady Macbeths language is a highly telling manifestation of her degeneration. The contrast between her poetic, calculated persuasion of Act One to the child-like drivel of The Thane of Fife had a wife.Lady Macbeths final speech is of a woman who is no longer exists in the present she is in the past reliving her memories, almost in some horrifying reverie. The fact she is reliving the past is backed up with theres knocking at the gate, reflects a reliving of the last few moments before their act of murder was discovered. The speech is also crammed with repetition, with come repeated four times and to bed five. Finally, the phrase give me your hand is a perfect expression of her feelings towards her husband she still loves him but she still feels the desire to command and control.The doctors final speech widens the scope of Lady Macbeths experiences to take in the whole world Foul whisperings are abroad can be used to apply to the death of Lady Macbeth herself, but can also relate to the supernatural side-effects of Macbeths regicide. After the degeneration of Lady Macbeth, one of the most powerful and vivid character in all of drama, it is the low-down doctor who talks in poetry, not his usual prose. Unnatural deeds/ Do breed unnatural troubles sums up the play brilliantly, but a frighten reminder of the consequences the Macbeths have to live with.SECTION SEVEN conclusionThis essay has looked at Shakespeares use of the supernatural in great detail, commenting on it in a thematic, dramatic and audience-specific sense and focusing in extra detail on Act 1 Scene 1 and Act 5 Scene 1.Shakespeare makes excellent use of the supernatural through witches, hallucinations, prophecies, somnambulance and freak weather. Whether they dominate the scene or not, the many manifestations of the supernatural are used precisely and effectively to add an extra dimension to Macbeth.

Gemeinschaft vs Gesellschaft Communities

First of solely, we need to understand the difference between Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. The terms Gamesmanship ( confederacy) and Escalating (society) were derived from a famous sociologist, Toneless, Ferdinand (1855-1936). modernisation Is destroying the close knit communities that are considered Shamelessness and making them more Like a Escalating community (Donovan, 1996, p. 4). Gamesmanship society is a community that is tightly knitted together.They experience on their own resources and are opposed o relying on any type of modernization for help. It is a community that relies completely on severally otherwise for survival and support, as a result not needing to rely on the government. By living In their own structure, they are able to control all aspects of life such as religion schools medical and food. Having their own regulated rules, in that mention Is no need for police or Jails. They do not work technology but rely on the earth for their everyday nee ds.Ralph Salesman (1976) implied that it is an established community that allows everyone to share the same beliefs and assets, regardless of heir abilities and strengths as long as they follow the rules of the community. There were some allowances made for a few of them that may be a little boisterous. It Is a community that stays focused and helps each other out no matter how big or small the problem may be. There Is no ridicule or Judgment as everyone Is treated the same and wears the same type of clothing (Affirmative Action, Delivered Equality and the Concept of Community, p. 7).Escalating is complainingly the same but on a different spectrum. Escalating is considered a community but on a larger level. In his large community, thither are many types of religion, different schools, beliefs and nationalities. The Escalating community Is more modernized, relying on technology and modernization to survive. Along with the many different personalities and According to Ben Singer (1996 ), Escalating derived from Gamesmanship as urban life gave way to modernization. Folks were more interested in gaining their own network removing themselves from the uncompetitive society.As modernization progressed so did the competition between tribe. Everyone was out for themselves, not caring hat obstacles they had to Jump over or who they hurt in the serve to get ahead (Serial Melodrama, p. 78). Both communities are governed by leaders. leaders occurs at all levels and helps in the aide of organization, Next we bind to understand leadership theories and styles. leadership is influencing others to follow. Some of the traits of a leader are drive, motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability, business knowledge.It does not matter what skills or traits a leader may have because they soothe carry out their leadership in a type of style (Cliff Notes, p. 1). These styles are Authoritarian Leader who is a person who likes to give orders Democratic Leader leads by trying to get a consensus Expressive Leader is a person who tries to reduce conflict by creating harmony Instrumental Leader is an singular who tries to keep a group focused on a goal and lastly, Laissez-fairer Leader which is an individual who is highly permissive (Heinlein, p. 169).By using a hypothesis in leadership theory, we can try to assist the unrest between the Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. As the idea that arbitration destroys community has deep roots in sociology. Townies viewed small towns as the model for Gamesmanship. In a Gamesmanship, each person is embedded in a close-knit network of relatives and friends. Members of the community have a common cable and common values, aspirations, and traditions, as well as many common roles. Shared histories, common activities, and frequent face-to-face relations help to realize strong well-disposed and emotional bonds.In a Gamesmanship community, people tend to remain what they were born to be. Most indiv iduals live and die in the same small area. As a result, people think of their identity in terms of their place within the community. Townies concept of Gamesmanship and Escalating, is considered as one of the disciplines most enduring and fruitful concepts for studying social form (Bender, 17 as cited in Christenson). Urban, industrial society, according to Townies, is dramatically different.It is a Escalating because people are linked together through formal organizations and markets, rather than loose relations and a soul of belonging. Big cities represent Escalating. Their dense populations guarantee that many of the people who encounter each other in the course of a typical day will be strangers and their interactions will be impersonal. Relationships tend to be superficial, even with neighbors. These neighbors come from different backgrounds, so they do not necessarily share ancestry, values or attitudes.Nor are they likely to have the same work roles, since work in urban society is highly specialized. These differences can create social distance (Bell, 1973). The different family ties lead too peaceful modern society which is respectful of its inhabitants. Linking of basic ties is important so that there is a sense of belongingness to a nation through shred ties of operation and strength. The modernity of society today have brought along new belief systems as well as rapid changes which have denied a sense of nationhood but focuses mainly on individual goals.The Gamesmanship society achieves pure communities must be fair and in cases when there is money being questioned, the leader comes up with a balance program between being firm and being gentle with these people. Directing assertive behaviors in a direction of realistic goals formulated by the community is the first step. The aim is to shift the youth of the community room a wish for nimble magical transformation to instrumental behaviors. The youth of the Gamesmanship society must be helped to gain control over his or her life space as a means to achieving genuine power.Addictive persons tend to resist working toward long-term goals which involve postponement of gratification and the exercise of self-discipline. It may be necessary to set short-term, slow achievable goals at first. There must be a need to teach clients to give themselves strokes when they achieve small successes. They will tend to look to the guidance for approval and e may be tempted to oblige (Bell, 1973). Another issue which often emerges in counseling youth of the Escalating community is that of achieving intimacy.Helping male clients to establish non-exploitative relationships with women with whom they have tended to guardianship will sometimes emerge as important aspect of counseling. For perfectionist female clients, the problem is that they tend to keep a distance out of fear that self-revelation may lead to criticism and rejection. Counseling will seek to help young males to deplorable their views of women, and young women to be more pen and assertive with respect to their feelings. Consciousness-raising and assertiveness training will be important aspects of the counseling in solving the problem (Bell, 1973).Resolution of personal feelings of inadequacy will remove the need to castrate reality with a fix. Nevertheless, the physiological response of some individuals to drugs, once habituated is so compelling that counseling of the family alone is insufficient (Bell, 1973). In removing the family, some communities like the monasteries mark ideology based on love (Hillier Jar. G, 1984). Recognition of the reverence and seriousness of issues among individuals in both communities and its relationship to ruby-red reactions present a great contest to society.The social inequalities endured by the youths handed down from generation to generation need to be looked into by the government. The youths with low self-esteem are more likely to carry out from school and eventual ly indulge in violent behaviors and drug abuse than those who are well motivated to stay in school and greet a bright future ahead. Striving for a better solution to the problems of leaving school will solve the problems of students who resort to gangs and drug selling.The best causa will be the education of these youth so that they are aware from the start about their transformation and their contribution to society in general. Thus, it is important that the there will be programs to strengthen family structure in both kinds of communities so that it creates a positive environment for the educational motivation and support for their children, Parents who generate a sense of security in the family will help resolve the social insecurities, which will help these youths handle conflicts ND frustrations that will keep them away from violent behaviors.

Understanding the US Homeland Security

On June 2002, President George Bush proposed to create the segment of Homeland certificate a move considered to be the most(prenominal) significant transformation of the US government whereby a single department has been tasked to hold dear Americas homeland from terrorist attacks. As noted in the Departments website, the vision of the organization is to preserve the freedom of the United States and its homeland. Its mission is to lead the unified issue effort to secure America.It has aimed to prevent and deter terrorist attacks and protect against and respond to threats and hazards to the US. Furthermore, the organization has vowed, as part of its mission, to safe and secure borders, welcome virtueful immigrants and visitors, and to promote the free flow of commerce. (US Department of Homeland Security website, 2002)The organisational structure of the Department of Homeland Security has several components which involve resources within Federal, bow and local governments. The following are the directorates and their components board of directors for Preparedness, Directorate for Science and Technology, Directorate for Management, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, Office of Operations Coordination, Directorate for Policy, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office.The Directorate for Preparedness works with state, local, and private sector partners to identify threats, check vulnerabilities, and target resources where risk is greatest, thereby safeguarding our borders, seaports, bridges and highways, and critical information systems. The Office of the Directorate for Science and Technology is the primary research and development arm of the Department. It provides Federal, state and local officials with the technology and capabilities to protect the homeland.The Directorate for Management is responsible for Department budgets and appropriations, expenditure of funds, accounting and finance, procurement human resources, information technology systems, facilities and equipment, and the identification and introduce of performance measurements. Finally, the Directorate for Policy works to enhance the nuclear detection efforts of Federal, State, territorial, tribal, and local governments, and the private sector and to ensure a coordinated response to much(prenominal) threats. (US Department of Homeland Security website, 2002)Aside from the Offices of the Directorates, the US Homeland Department also has independent organizations including the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Transportation Security Administration (TSA), Customs and Borders Protection, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Citizenship and Immigration Services, the US Coast Guard, and the US Secret Service.The functions and main responsibilities of these agencies are as follows FEMA prepares the nation for hazards, manages Federal response and recovery efforts following any national incident, and administers the National Flood Insurance Program. TSA protects the nations transportation systems to ensure freedom of movement for state and commerce. Customs and Borders Protection is responsible for protect Americas borders in order to prevent terrorists and terrorist weapons from entering the United States, while facilitating the flow of legitimate work and travel. ICE is responsible for identifying and shutting down vulnerabilities in the nations border, stinting, transportation and infrastructure security.Federal Law Enforcement Training Center provides career-long training to law enforcement professionals to help them fulfill their responsibilities safely and proficiently. Citizenship and Immigration Services is responsible for the administration of immigration and naturalization adjudication functions and establishing immigration services policies and priorities. The US Coast Guard protects the public, the environment, and U.S. economic interestsin the nations ports and waterways, along the coast , on international waters, or in any maritime region as required to support national security. (US Department of Homeland Security website, 2002)Conclusion and analysisThe aftermath of 9/11 has made America more conscious of its homeland security. And rightfully, it is so. The loss of vindicated lives and the repercussions it made to the economy of the United States will serve as a reminder that we have to be on vigilant on the evil motives of about countries.The current structure of the US Department of Homeland Security has so far proven itself effective in carrying out its primary task of protecting America and its citizens against any threat to the nations freedom and independence.After carefully identifying and studying the organization chart of the Department of Homeland Security, I am of the opinion that everything has been placed exactly where they should be. Obviously, the move to cluster all agencies related to security and the protection of Americas homeland was careful ly thought out. So far, the issue on security and preparedness in terms of calamities, whether natural or otherwise, has been properly addressed by this Department. Since America has not yet experience another 9/11, it would seem to me that the Department of Homeland Security has been doing its job perfectly.ReferencesThe US Department of Homeland Security onlineAvailable at http//www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/Cited on April 30, 2006The unobjectionable House onlineAvailable at http//www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/homeland/index.htmlCited on April 30, 2006

Innocence and Hostility in Romeo and Juliet and Of Mice and Men Essay

One dictionary defines Innocence as Freedom from sin, moral wrong, or guilt finished lack of knowledge of evil. Thus honor is the state wherein one is, in a sense, pure free from doubt and dread and woe, unmarred by trouble or the countless ills running rampant in the world. Innocence is associated with children and animals and nature. But for growth to occur, Innocence must be slain in order for sustain to flourish. This bittersweet transition from child to liberal is the natural course of life one cannot stay innocent forever.Oftentimes, this transition from innocent child to experienced adult occurs in the face of hostility, as in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet, where the young lovers, to combat the hatred their families have for one another, sacrifice their love, their innocence, and their lives. This theme exists as well in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men, where George kills Lennie to save him from suffering, and in the doing so, also slays their shared dream of owning land and being free men. In Romeo and Juliet, the hostility between the Capulets and the Montagues creates the conflict that drives the play.This generation-spanning hatred consumes everything it touches it causes the remnants of Mercutio at the hands of Tybalt, and drives Romeo to avenge his friends death by slaying Tybalt in turn. The hostility borne of this act forces Romeo to flee and Juliet to feign death Romeo, consumed by grief, kills himself, and Juliet upon wake to find her husband dead, does the same. We see that the hostility permeates every aspect of the play. Innocence, symbolized by the young lovers, is ultimately slain by the hostility shared between the ii families.In Steinbecks Of Mice and Men, George and Lennie, twain farm hands, share a dream to own a piece of land, and in doing so, become free men. George appoints himself caretaker of Lennie, a large, abnormally strong man with the mind of a young child. The hostility that proves the downfall of these two men stems fr om Curley, the son of the ranch owner. A man possessed of a short temper and a violent streak, his cruelty forces his wife to seek the company of other men. She spends time with Lennie.Warned that her presence causes trouble, he attempts to silence her when she creates a scene, and inadvertently kills her, his actions driven by fear concerning the hostility of Curley. Alarmed by his actions, he flees. The slaying of Innocence occurs when George kills Lennie in order to save him from cruel treatment and death at the hands of Curley and the other men. But in slaying Lennie, George also kills their dream of owning land, and being free men, and his own innocence as well. In both(prenominal) these stories hostility drives the conflict, propelling actions onward to the end, where innocence is slain and experience gleaned.In Romeo and Juliet the death of the two lovers causes the families to grow up, and abolish the hatred and hostility between the two houses. In killing themselves the t itle characters also kill the hostility that led them to their deaths, and though innocence dies, peace is achieved. In Of Mice and Men, the hostility of Curley does not die what dies is the innocence of a dream and the the innocence of childhood, symbolized by Lennie. George gains experience, he grows up, and in doing so realizes the futility of the dream of being free in the face of the hostility of the landowners, as represented by Curley.And so Innocence is slain, and gives way to experience. Hostility remains in the world to aid in that transition. One cannot be Innocent always, and death and calamity produce lessons one must learn in order to live in the world. Lovers die, as do hopes and dreams, but no matter how tragic or heartbreaking the events may be, one always gains lessons, often severe, from these losses. Such is life, as reflected in these works.Works CitedShakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet. Washington DC Washington Square Press, 2004 Steinbeck, John. Of Mice a nd Men. New York Penguin, 1978

Health Care Finance Essay

Complete the following table by writing responses to the questions. affirm the sources in the text and list them at the bottom of the table.What criterion must be met for true comparability?Consis ten dollar billcy, verification and unit measurement must all told be met in order for true criteria. (Chp.14, pg.151) What elements of consistency should be considered? Provide an example. The elements of consistency that should be considered is era periods, consistent methodology, and inflation factors. An example of a time period would be that you could not comp ar a ten month time period to a twelve month period instead you would annualize the ten month period. An example of consistent methodology would be to use the same method throughout the entire time period. An example of inflation factors would be if expenses are expended then it is expected for expenses to increase. (Chp.14, pg.151-152) What is the managers responsibility in comparing data?The managers responsibility in compar ing data is to repay and apply the elements of consistency. This is critical because the consistency of data will be used to make decisions. (Chp.14, pg.152) What are the four putting surface uses of comparative data?The four common uses of comparative data are liken current expenses to current budget, compare current actual expenses to prior periods in own organization, compare to other organizations, and compare to industry standards. (Chp.14, pg.153-157) What is meant by standardized data?Standardized data is data that aids in comparability. (Chp.14, pg.161)

Nature & Scope Of Marketing Research Essay

HISTORYCurtis publishing company is the first company. Charles Coolidge parlin was the first head. query was for Campbell soup. In the United States.3. campaign study Hindustan ex invoke news paper Largest chain of news paper in India During 1975 1977 fought for freedom of the press Newspaper flash lighted government and its policies Suffered restrictions and newspaper quota Suffered loses Change in government 1977 Role play by this newspaper was hailed Earlier position completely reversed Financial position improved with in 18 months4. Case study cont. Hindustan express simultaneously published in English language westernmost Bombay, Ahmedabad South Madras, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Trivandrum North Chandigarh East none Have two regional language paper Marathi from Bombay Malayalam from cochin china New plan to start an edition from Pune in Marathi5. Problems - Already five Marathi newspaper published free-and-easy from Pune and four from Bombay Pune hardly 180 km from Bombay, as such Bombay edition could easily reach Pune by newspaper taxi. The circulation of regional language newspaper is low. advertizing revenue is low. Will the new edition from Pune be financially feasible? Will the new edition have market feasibility?6. Solution market RESEARCH7. What is marketing search marketplaceing look into is the function that links , the consumer, customer, and public to the marketer look into comprises defining and redefining lines, Formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions Collecting, organizing, and evaluating data Making deductions and reaching conclusions And at last carefully testing the conclusion to determine whether they fit the formulation8. Classification of look into Basic look for Applied inquiry a) Problem solving look b) Problem identification research.9. Problem Solving Research Segmentation research Product research Pricing research Promotion research scattering research10. Problem designation Research grocery potential rese arch Market share research Image research Market characteristics research Forecasting research Business trend research11. Why marketing research has evolved and heavy(a) ?12. Answer- Managers are separated from their closing consumers Managers call for schooling from their final consumers13. Managers are separated from their final consumers Manufacturer Retailer Services Org. Final Consumer Mkt. Manager14. Managers needs instruction from their final consumers Manufacturers Retailers Suppliers Customers Needs And Wants15. Managers needs information from their final consumers Target market Product/service Price Distribution Promotion marketing Manager Wants information16. Customer group Consumer Employees Shareholders SuppliersControllable merchandisingVariables _______ Product Pricing Promotion Distribution Uncontrollable Environmental Factors Economy Technology Competition Law and Regulations Social and culture Factors Political Factors Assessing entropy Needs Providing Inform ation Marketing Decision Making Marketing Managers Market Segmentation Target Market Selection Marketing Programs Performance and Control17. The role of marketing research in managerial purpose making is explained further using the framework of the DECIDE model _________________________________________________ D Define the marketing problem E Enumerate the controllable and uncontrollable decision factors C Collect relevant information I Identify the best alternative D Develop and implement a marketing plan E Evaluate the decision and the decision process18. Applications of Marketing Research Pricing Research Product Research Concept Testing Positioning Research Customer Satisf save Research Branding Research Advertising Research Market Segmentation Sales Analysis19. Types Of Research Descriptive vs. Analytical Applied vs. primitive Quantitative vs. Qualitative Conceptual vs. Empirical20. Descriptive - Also known Statistical Research Includes vision & facts What age group bu ying a particular brand Analytical - Use facts or information already available21. Applied Research Designed to solve practical problem of the modern public For example, applied researchers may investigate ways to improve agricultural crop production treat or cure a item disease improve the energy efficiency of homes, offices, or modes of transportation22. native Research Driven by a scientists in a scientific question The main need is to expand Mans knowledge, non to create or invent something For example, basic acquirement investigations dig into for answers to questions such as How did the universe begin? What are protons, neutrons, and electrons composed of? How do slime molds reproduce? What is the specific genetic code of the fruit fly23. Quantitative- Usedto measure how many people feel, judge or act in a particular way Many vehicle hired for roll up quantitative information but the most common are on street or scream Qualitative - Used to help us understand how pe ople feel and why they feel as they do It is concerned with collecting in-debt information asking questions such as why do you claim that Depth interviews or group discussions are two common methods used for collecting qualitative information24. Conceptual - Related to some abstract ideas or theory It is generally used by philosopher and thinkers to mature new concepts or to reinterpret existing ones Empirical - Relies on experience or observation alone, oft without due regard for system & theory25. Benefits of Marketing Research Benefit to business and industry Benefits to economy. half a dozen essential benefit Enhanced ability to make well-informed decisions. Provides a cost-effective opportunity to hang on a companys internal training.26. Facilitates a common knowledge bridge.. Provides a specific kickoff point for people entering the profession. Gives company an objective tool to help develop and promote employees. Assists researchers in understanding and differentiation between good research and impartial research.27. Characteristics of a good marketing research Use of more scientific methods Cost and benefits Use of the Statistical method Alternative course of action28. Scope of marketing research The scope of marketing research could cover the business problems relating to the followings. Types of consumers that compromise read and potential markets. Buying habits and pattern of consumption Size and location of different markets, not only in India but also overseas.29. The prospects for growth or construction for the current markets being served. New mantras of emerging segments. Marketing and manufacturing capabilities of competitors. Most suitable entry timing. The current and prospective competitive position. Chances of improvement of current channels. Optimum use of promo- tools.30. Qualities of a good researcher Qualities Entry level junior staff senior staff unwavering writing skills 57 71 90 surd analytic skills 50 67 90 Strong verbal s kills 49 57 82 Professional appearance 19 28 5 goodly grades 15 04 07 Good quantitative skills 13 19 41 Graduate degree 06 11 16 Good school 03 ** 01 Managerial skills ** ** 49 Client handling skills ** ** 8331. Obstacles in acceptance of marketing research Due to globalization, liberalization and privatization Narrow conception Improper orientation of the investigatorLate results qualified findings Biasness Improper research technique Inadequate skill of investigator Research inclined towards predetermined research32. Ethical condition of Market Research Information should not be misused Do not force the customer to answer Respondent reply should also be kept confidential admit sensible personal questions33. Limitations of Marketing Research Not a panacea Not an exact science Limitation of time Erroneous findings Not exact tool for forecasting In experience research research staff Narrow conception of marketing research34. Emerging issue Marketing research in internet era Online research Email surveys Html forms Downloadable interactive survey application entropy warehousing and data mining

After high school Essay

As we get older, much and more problems begin to form. When we reach our teenage years though, it becomes worse. One problem I think the hardest is for young adults is deciding what we motive to do for the rest of our lives when we argon so young. You can go to college, military or the temptings field depending on your preference. When were in high work, we consider to raise our hand and ask to give the restroom, go to the office to make any phone call no matter how authorized it may be and have ridiculous dress code rules.You are treated desire a sister from kindergarten all the way up to senior year and yet they expect you to make the most important decision of your life then. One intimacy that populate do straight place of high nurture is go directly to the work field. Although its normally in most peoples best pastime not to, not bothone is made for college. Unless you are extremely gold, it has been found that people who didnt advance to different raising aft er high school make 85% less than those with a college diploma.My brother has a roommate in college and his dad dropped out of college after his first year or two and he makes more money than most people will ever see. His wife doesnt have to work and his kids have it made when it comes to the materialistic things in life. He owns his own real estate company in Pittsburgh and sells and rents houses to people. He does most of his own work so he doesnt have to pay people to do it, which is very convenient for him. Although most people do not get as lucky as him, thats okay for some people because money isnt everything though.Sometimes its transgress to take time off of school instead of wasting all that money when you male parentt fifty-fifty know what you are planning on doing for the rest of your life and going straight to college. in that respect are many reasons why people decide to not go to college, not because they in effect(p) dont think that they can do it. Sometimes peo ple have kids before they plan, family problems or level(p) they just cant get servicing to pay for it so it holds them rearward from attending. College is an expensive thing that most people dont want to pay for.You have years of loans to pay back and for a lot of people they end up miserable at their jobs after a hardly a(prenominal) years. It is also very hard to get help to pay for you college statement. When my cousin act acquiring help for college, because she had a full time job and no kids she could get barely any money level though she wasnt getting any help from her parents. If college still isnt the right thing for you only if you dont want McDonalds to be your only definite in for a job, the military is a great selection. Although you have to work your neerthelesst off for it, the military gives awesome benefits.Of syllabus its nothing that the NBA players make, which is ridiculous, but it is still a lot just for being in the military. A player in the NBA av erages rough $5. 15 million per year and all the do is dribble and shoot a basketball for a living where people in the military have to work their tails off every single day to fight for our country and they only get about $70 thousand per year. thither is a lot of schooling that they will pay for you so you can still get an education while being in the military. Not only will you get your schooling paying for, but also you can even get paid for going.Also, they have programs like ROTC where you can still gear wheel for the military but you are in an actual college getting your education. As well as getting your education paid for, you also get free medical care, financial security and you can bonk around 20 years before other people do. If you get all of that stuff paid for, is there even anything left to buy? Food and housing. No worries, in the Army, you receive a repair paycheck and free housing including meals. If you live off of base, you will still receive a housing allo wance.Even if the amount of free meals and the checks dont coer all of the food you want, some restaurants and securities industry stores offer military discounts, which will also save a lot of money. My dad owns houses and rent them out to people and the first thing he looks at is what kind of job they have to make indisputable they can keep up with rent. Last summer there was a guy from the Army that tried to rent of my dad and he told him that the monthly paying isnt going to be a lifesize deal because he gets checks from the Army specifically for his housing so it is all in all free for him.Although college isnt everyones best option, I believe its more worth it than working forever at a job that barely gets you by. Colleges can really help you out when you arent exactly sure what you want to do. Some even make you take a full year of superior general education classes just so you are sure that you want to be in that major. Nobody should waste thousands of dollars just to c hannel their mind like 50-70% of college kids end up doing. Also, most colleges have classes that help you transition from high school to college and help get good study habits and things like that.For most kids, what they do for the school like sports, music, athletic field and clubs is the most important part of high school. Proceeding to college gives you the opportunity to further your career in things like that where there are plenty of sports, clubs, different bands and also sororities and fraternities. Although that would be going to college for the wrong reasons, a college education in general expands your knowledge base, makes you more organized and exposes you to a whole new world of learning. thither are also so many different types of colleges though.Depending on your preference, you can go to school for a few months or 12 years. There are community colleges, tech schools, four-year schools and also schools that are totally based on what you want to do. At the four-year schools, you have to take a certain amount of general education courses where as a college with a certain amount of month program, all of your classes are dedicated for your major. Every school that you go to has a variety of majors to choose from which also make the college option hard.There are some things that people will never even hear of until they go to college and even then, there are thousands of jobs you can do with most majors that people will probably never even know throughout their entire life. A lot of people dont determine that a really big benefit of going to both college and the military is the life long friends that you make. Of course youll always have your friends from high school, but college and the military both give you the opportunity to start over and make new friends. As you can see, there are benefits to every option you decide to do when you graduate high school.There are also a lot of cons to the option that you decide. It all depends on the person and what they are like. Its just a very hard decision to make when you are barely old enough to stay outside past 11pm. We are very uneducated about the all the different majors in college and the benefits of or other options if we decided to not go to college. We have only lived about a quarter of our life and we are expected to decide what we want to do for three more quarters of our life. This decision is the one that is going to affect you for the rest of your life and I just dont think that we are educated enough to make it.

Future earth-climate of earth (around the equator) 250 million years later

The story about the climate at the equator 250 million years ago is both interesting and frightening. Interesting, because it puts all the things we concern ourselves with right now in perspective, and they seem very insignificant, and frightening, because of what it suggests is in store for us. It is believed that 250 million years from now, by a process of subduction, a whale continent called Pangea Ultima leave alone be formed, which leave consist of northwards America and Africa married to one and only(a) another with South America rounding off the bottom of the supercontinent. A miniscule ocean drainage basin will remain at the bottom of the two continents.This marriage and other changes will cause a big effect on temperature. The huge landmass will mean that winds reaching the land will be denuded of their moisture. Much of what is now southern North America will fall on the Equator. Because it will be robbed of any moisture bearing winds, it will probably become barren, and may eve form into a desert. The beaches of Miami will probably be replaced by an Arizona like landscape. In accompaniment to the geosphere, the piddle bodies (the hydrosphere) will too make a big impact on the temperature and climate most the equator.What is today the Indian Ocean will be trapped, creating a giant lake like body the coat of modern Australia. Being trapped like a lake, the Indian Ocean will not be able to circulate air currents and therefore affect temperature. Parts of the Indian subcontinent that will then (and evening today to) fall on the equator will likely not benefit from the South Western and North Eastern monsoons that bring rain and influence temperature. The atmosphere will not be left fundament in this giant drama. The atmosphere acts a conduit in the transfer of heat and water from the oceans and oceans to the land.The formation of a new giant ocean and a supercontinent will make the transmission of this heat energy from the sea to the land a nd water vapour (which is deposited on land as rain) more difficult. Instead of carrying moisture stretch winds, large parts of the giant landmasses, particularly around the equator will be affected by hot, change winds, which will increase temperature on the surface as well. In the same vein, the atmosphere may shell out to radiate hot air outwards from the centre of these giant continents to the peripheries, which could increase the temperature in other regions, and also affect the surface temperature.As a consequence, the temperature overall might rise, exacerbating the effect of climate change bring forth by human factors. The outlook is not all grim however. Higher temperatures, coupled with a giant lake like Indian Ocean (providing an abundant supply of water) could result in the proliferation of plant life in much of equatorial Africa, South America and Asia. The proliferation of plant life would bring down temperatures and reduce levels of ascorbic acid dioxide in the a tmosphere, countering the effects of global warming.The contortion of the landmass of Eurasia will bring the eastern parts of Russia, such(prenominal) as the port city of Vladivostok along the equator. The climate pattern in Russia in particular will therefore completely change, becoming much less severe and a lot more moderate and even equatorial. Finally, California and large parts of then equatorial North America will select very heavy, even torrential rainfall. Them being the first landmasses after several thousand miles of ocean, huge amounts of water will be deposited as rain in these parts. This could have a cooling effect on the temperature there.

KFC in India Essay

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